Maize crops have high economic value, open only from the fruit. The results of the waste it has economic value such as fuel, paper industrial purposes including livestock feed requirements.
Utilization of Corn Plants
Utilization of by-product of corn stems and young leaves, known as corn straw used as forage has done a lot of farmers, but not entirely optimal utilization. In addition given to livestock as fresh forage, straw, corn can also be given as an experienced forage feed processing technology in the form of hay and silage.
Along the development of central areas of corn plants that are useful to meet the needs of the animal feed industry, did not rule can also be developed into local area farmers earning potential by-product of processed forage crops of corn silage and hay will provide added value to the income of farm families.
Straw Corn Processing Technology
At the time of harvest corn maize straw is available in abundance, so finished corn harvest corn straw is not uncommon to rare. Therefore corn straw processing technologies preservation needs to be cultivated by farmers for livestock forage availability throughout the year and at the same akn improve the quality of feed quality. Making hay, straw, fresh corn withered and dried to preserved and stored in some time. the drying and withering of making hay moisture content will decrease until the remaining twenty percent without any damage to the nutritional value of feed except vitamin a and d are likely to fall. Corn straw is good for making hay is hay corn stalks and leaves are still green.
Making hay done in two ways: overlay model and the model pod. overlay model making hay, corn hay out the way that had been cut open field under the sun.reversal done every day over and over again until a new dry can be stored and can be used during a bad season fodder. making hay with the pod model required little additional cost, needed a place to store shelves as jerntami corn that has been dried for 1-3 days. a place to store hay rack can take the form of maize straw tripod is a three-legged rack or tetrapod (rack with legs 4) Which rack options will be chosen non-binding, definitely shelf can be used to store corn jermai for 3-6 weeks before being used as animal feed.
The advantage of making hay is:
The technology is very simple and easy to apply by livestock farmers;
At harvest corn maize straw is available in abundance and can be stored, used as forage scarcity.
While the weakness of the manufacture of O is:
Depends on the presence of sunlight;
Not all types of forage can be made hi;
Labor necessary for the reversal of corn straw and keep it dry in the sun at the time of the drafting process.
Making silage, hay is done by way of corn cut into pieces and put into place / room air-tight and compacted to be stored in a container of good quality silage tertentu.menghasilkan consider making silage correct temperature range 27-35 degrees celsius with the result:
- Having a fresh texture;
- Greenish color;
- Do not stink;
- No mildew;
- No clumping and preferred livestock.
The main principle of making silage are:
Stopping breathing and plant cells;
Convert carbohydrates into lactic acid through fermentation processes airtight;
Holding the enzyme activity and bacterial decay.
Other requirements to be met by farmers that will make silage is a must have sufficient area for the silo area is a place to store forage silage-making process silase.idealnya tailored to the needs of the benchmark digging holes every 150 cubic meters can accommodate 150 kg of dry matter forage.
The raw material can use a straw silage corn crop is not harvested and corn crops after harvest. on corn silage-making that has not been harvested, rich with nutrients that feed the main sugars in the fermentation process will assist with the protein content reaches 11-15 per cent and preferred livestock. if the choice of raw materials on corn silage, young stems and leaves are still green for silage making.whereas in the manufacture of silage which uses corn feedstock crops after harvest, the choice of the green corn straw has a higher crude fiber content compared to straw yellow.
Quality of hay silage maize production has mineral nutrient content of feed low calcium and protein reached only 8.3 per cent because it is necessary to add urea to the levels of 0.45 percent (4.5 kg / tonne silage) as recommended livestock development directorate, which will provide an increase in protein content of corn silage and hay enough to meet the protein needs of beef cattle and dairy cows.besides the addition of urea at the time of feeding should also add salt as much as 50 grams / head / day. the process of making hay silage corn shrivel done with corn straw for 2 days and do the cutting with a size 3-5cm, selanjutnyaa done mixing corn straw with the necessary ingredients of making silage. addition of silage-making ingredients will speed up the fermentation process, prevent the growth of spoilage fungi and bacteria that will increase the osmotic pressure of cells of maize straw.
The materials used to manufacture 1 ton of forage silage size consisting of organic acids (formic acid, sulfuric acid, aklorida asm / propionic acid) 4-6 kg, 40 kg of molasses or drops, salt 30 kg, 40 kg rice bran, groats 36 kg and industrial waste (onggok) 30 kg. addition of materials made evenly throughout the piece are made of straw corn silage. mixing molasses or drops should be done gradually by mixing in layers alternately with a mixture of corn and hay are compacted, at the time of maize straw placement on the soil pit known as silos and silo closure is then performed.
Compaction of corn straw is done after the process of mixing all the necessary ingredients except molasses / drops, insert pieces of corn straw by being trampled dense as possible in a silo that has been given top layer of plastic that becomes a shelter during the making of silage. of molasses / drops can be done by way of a pile of straw corn solids basis is added molasses / drops 2 parts, then the middle layer of the solid pile of maize straw can be given molasses / drops 3 parts then the middle layer of straw corn solids are given molasses / drops 5 parts. mixing molasses / drops gradually it mixes evenly padatkan further back and cover with plastic and soil. the use of silage for animal feed can be performed after 8 weeks of silage-making process, by way pengambilanya stages in accordance with the needs of livestock consumption and immediately re-do the closing.
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