CRD and ND overcome disease

CRD DISEASE

Based on the data, the case of poultry, especially chickens peyakit attack in 2003 that snoring is a complex disease often called Chronic Respiratory Disease (CRD) complex. It is currently the CRD complex was difficult to handle, but it caused no little harm. It is associated with lower growth rate, high death rate and high conversion ration. Other losses due to CRD is the uniformity of body weight complexes that are not achieved and the number of chickens that have diafkir, so that the farmers will lose money.

CRD is a joint disease complex with 2 (two) components of the bacterium Mycoplasma galisepticum and Escherichia coli. Determinants of infectious disease is the maintenance of the system with high environmental temperature is hot or cold, high humidity, poor ventilation, livestock density is too high and way of maintenance of various ages. Strict biosecurity and the selection of specific antibiotics is a step that must be taken to save the chicken from the disease.

Snoring or CRD disease in chickens is a disease that attacks the respiratory tract in which the chronic nature. Called "because of chronic disease continues over the long term (chronic) and the chicken does not heal". The main cause is poisoning galisepticum Mycoplasma, one of the typical symptoms of CRD is the chicken was snoring, so the farmers call it snoring disease.

As a single disease, CRD are rarely to cause death, but cause high morbidity. In the field of pure rare case of CRD, which is often found CRD complex, which is followed by CRD disease infection of other diseases, especially, often followed by a bacterium Escherichia coli.

CRD complex can cause considerable economic losses. This disease can cause death. Also, it can cause stunted growth, poor carcass quality, decreased egg production, body weight uniformity is not achieved and the number of chickens that have diafkir also the increase cost of treatment.

Snoring disease complex in chickens may be complicated by other diseases such as microbes with Newcastle disease or New Castle Disease (ND), Infetious Bronhitis (IB) and E. coli. CRD can strike at any age cock with a fast transmission rate.

The cause of the disease, can be found in healthy chickens, where the chicken is called chicken disease vectors (carriers). CRD infected chickens when the body resistance to decline in times of stress such as moving home, cold, vaccination, cut in half, bad ventilation, litter moisture, high ammonia or other diseased chickens.

Losses due to CRD complex, including the failure of vaccination, because the complex nature immunosupressant CRD (suppress immunity), poor growth, high mortality, the high cost of treatment and increased conversion ration.

To combat this complex CRD is not easy. The trick is to make appropriate treatment, doing so can lead to rupture the chain of cause of CRD complex. For example, we have to keep the disease agent entry into the chicken's body, other than that the farmers have to maintain the health of chickens by providing multivitamins as well as the farmers have to maintain a stable environment so fresh and healthy, of course, not stuffy, humid and not enough ventilation. In addition the density of the cage should always be considered, so that clean air is always guaranteed. Enclosure temperature is too hot can also cause increased appetite and decreased appetite drinking. With the increased desire to drink, it will stimulate increased urination and litter gets wet, so that high ammonia concentrations and can cause respiratory problems, eventually the chicken will be vulnerable to CRD complex.

A strategy for controlling the effective complex CRD is to conduct an examination of chick age 1 (one) day or often referred to as Day Old Chick (DOC) from pembibitnya, results in conjunction with proper diagnosis and implementation of effective biosecurity management of the maintenance of good . As for ways of taking control of CRD complex, namely (1) improve the management of the cage, (2) do a good sanitation, drinking water, (3) make appropriate treatment and (4) melaksakan strict biosecurity.

Steps to perform strict biosecurity, among others (1) conduct the culling of infected poultry, (2) clean the cage with a high pressure water and spraying the cage using disinfectant, (3) empty cages at least 2 (two) weeks after cleaned cages, (4) traffic control by controlling the location of the vehicle and leaving the farm.

From the above description it can be concluded if you are affected by CRD farm complex, which need to be considered are (1) The level of ammonia and dust from the enclosure, the improvement in the condition of the cage, reducing the density of the cage, note the management of litter, ventilation and enclosure environmental effects, (2) maintenance of the chicken should be done in all-in all-out, (3) make the proper selection of drugs and we must take into account the resistance of germs.

Hope the author, if you are exposed to CRD komlpek farm, do not panic, do treatment as has been the author described.

ND DISEASE
ND is a big problem for the world and the specter of the farm, because the disease can cause very high mortality (up to 100%) and time spreading very fast, good on chicken, chicken and other fowl. According to experts, the disease can be transmitted to humans by the clinical symptoms of conjunctivitis (inflammation of the eye konjunctiva) although their cases are very rare. Whereas in birds and other wild birds with clinical signs of neurological symptoms, respiratory symptoms and gastrointestinal symptoms. 

It was the cause of disease and ND viruses of family Paramyxoviridae disebabkanoleh with or paramyxovirus genus Pneumovirus, where the virus can menghemaglutinasi blood. The disease was first discovered in 1926 by Doyle Newcastle England area and in the same year Kraneveld discovered virus disease in Bogor. Incidence of the disease is found all over the world, which attack all kinds of birds including wild birds. Virus diseases can be found in organs such as breathing apparatus, nervous and digestive systems. The spread of the disease is usually spread through direct contact with sick chickens and their droppings, through rations, drinking water, cages, where rations / drink, other equipment contaminated by the germs of disease, through visitors, insects, wild birds and the wind / air (can be reached radius of 5 km). ND virus is found in high amounts during the incubation period until the time of healing. The virus is present in the respiratory air out of chicken droppings, the eggs produced during the clinical symptoms and in the carcass during acute infection until death. 

Clinical symptoms of the disease symptoms can be observed with respiratory symptoms such as sneezing, coughing, difficult breathing, gasping and snoring; neurological symptoms of drooping wings, legs paralyzed (dragging the street), walk backwards (stagger) and head and neck twisted ( torticoles) which is a typical symptom of this disease. Later symptoms include diarrhea green digestion, tissue swelling around the eyes and neck, stopped production in laying hens, when it recovered a bad egg quality, abnormal color, shape and surface of abnormal and thin egg white. This is caused by the reproductive organs can not be normal again. Generally, the death of chicks and young chickens was higher than the old chicken. Surgical Wreck To further ensure that the farm is attacked or tidanya ND, then surgery is the best carcasses in diagnosis. In the case of surgical outcomes ND carcass of a typical symptom of this disease, the presence of red spots (ptechie) in the proventriculus (gizzard front pockets). In addition, there is a change in the lining of the intestinal form of bleeding and tissue death (nekrosa). On the respiratory organs will experience thinning exudation and air bags. Since prevention of disease caused by ND virus then until now there is no single drug that can effectively cure this disease. 

ND disease prevention can only be done with precautions (preventive) through a good vaccination program. There are two types of vaccine can be given a vaccine that is active and an inactive vaccine. Active form of vaccine that has been attenuated live vaccines, including the widely used vaccine strain Hitchner Lentogenic especially B-1 and Lasota. These vaccines can cause immune activation in a long time so that the use of recommended vaccines is more active than the inactive vaccine.Vaccination program should be done carefully and consider the induced immunity.The first vaccination should be given no later than the fourth day old chickens, because of the delay until the age of two weeks and so will eliminate the ability of active antibody formation by the parent antibody, because at the age of the parent antibody is no longer functioning. Vaccination programs in broiler chickens should be done at the age of three days and continued vaccination at the age of three weeks, whereas in laying hens at the age of three days, four weeks, three months and then every four months as needed. Vaccines can be done by spray, drops (eye, nose, mouth), drinking water and injections. Important things to consider in carrying out vaccination include: · Vaccination is only performed on animals that actually sound · The vaccine is given soon after the vaccine is dissolved · Avoid direct sunlight · Avoid things that can cause severe stress on livestock · Wash hands with detergent before and after vaccination Conclusion Given the economic losses ND ditimbulan the disease is very high then the best way is to run the program menanggulaninya strict management of vaccination programs and good environmental sanitation in order to avoid this disease so that the benefits will be further increased .